Graphene Explained: A Beginner's Guide to its Properties
Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising nanomaterials because of its unique combination of exceptional properties: it is not only the thinnest but also one of the strongest materials; it conducts heat better than all other materials; it is an excellent conductor of electricity; it is optically transparent, yet so dense that it is impermeable to gases – …
What is smart dust and how is it used? - Nanowerk
Smart dust refers to wireless networks of sub-millimeter-scale autonomous computing and sensing platforms not larger than a grain of sand. Smart dust senses and records data about its environment such as light, temperature, sound, presence of toxins or vibrations, and transmits that data wirelessly to larger computer systems
A Guide to Optical Lithography's Role in Technology - Nanowerk
Definition: Photolithography, also known as optical lithography, is a micro- and nanofabrication process widely used in semiconductor manufacturing and various nanotechnologies to create intricate patterns on a substrate, typically a silicon wafer. This technique employs light to transfer a geometric pattern from a photomask to a light-sensitive chemical photoresist on the substrate.
Nanofiltration explained - definition and examples - Nanowerk
Nanofiltration is a type of membrane filtration process that is used to separate molecules based on size. It is one of the four membrane technologies that utilize pressure to effect separation of contaminants from water streams but it is more selective in the types of molecules it can filter out.
MOF Metal Organic Framework - definition, fabrication and use
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are organic-inorganic hybrid crystalline porous materials that consist of a regular array of positively charged metal ions surrounded by organic 'linker' molecules. The metal ions form nodes that bind the arms of the linkers together to form a repeating, cage-like ...
Nanoscience Explained: Introduction to the Nanoscale - Nanowerk
Key Concepts in Nanoscience. Quantum Effects: At the nanoscale, quantum size effects become significant, leading to unique electrical, optical, and magnetic properties that are not observable in bulk materials.; Surface Area to Volume Ratio: Nanoscale materials have a much larger surface area relative to their volume, which can significantly …
Transistors explained - what they are and what they do - Nanowerk
A transistor – a word blend of "transfer" and "resistor" – is a fundamental component of today's advanced electronics. Essentially, a transistor, as one of the foundational elements of modern electronic devices, is made up of three layers of a semiconductor material, typically silicon, each layer possessing a different charge.
Nanoparticles - what they are, how they are made - Nanowerk
Nanoparticles are materials that are confined to the nanoscale in all three dimensions. Engineered nanoparticles play an important role in nanotechnology. The specific properties of nanoparticles is defined by particle size, chemical composition, crystallinity and shape. During production these can be controlled by temperature, pH-value, concentration, chemical composition, surface ...
What are nanobots? Explaining nanorobotics and nanorobots
A nanobot, also known as a nanorobot, is a term used to describe a molecule that has the capability to be programmed to perform a specific task. The field of nanorobotics involves the creation, production, programming, and control of robots that operate at the nanoscale.
What are perovskites and their applications - Nanowerk
A defining moment came in 2012, when Professors Henry Snaith at the University of Oxford and Michael Graetzel at the Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, building on the work of Tsotomu Mayasaka from Tokyo, found that solar cells with perovskite as the active component could be made with greater than 10% power conversion efficiencies for turning the sun’s rays into electrical energy.